There are 10 rounds for 128-bit keys, 12 rounds for 192-bit keys and 14 rounds for 256-bit keys. Top Secret information requires either 192- or 256-bit key lengths. All key lengths can be used to protect the Confidential and Secret level.
The government classifies information in three categories: Confidential, Secret or Top Secret. Symmetric, also known as secret key, ciphers use the same key for encrypting and decrypting, so the sender and the receiver must both know – and use – the same secret key. Each cipher encrypts and decrypts data in blocks of 128 bits using cryptographic keys of 128, 192 and 256 bits, respectively.
How AES encryption worksĪES includes three block ciphers: AES-128, AES-192 and AES-256.ĪES-128 uses a 128- bit key length to encrypt and decrypt a block of messages, while AES-192 uses a 192-bit key length and AES-256 a 256-bit key length to encrypt and decrypt messages. However, nongovernmental organizations choosing to use AES are subject to limitations created by U.S. government with additional voluntary, free use in public or private, commercial or noncommercial programs that provide encryption services. NIST stated that the newer, advanced encryption algorithm would be unclassified and must be “capable of protecting sensitive government information well into the century.” It was intended to be easy to implement in hardware and software, as well as in restricted environments – such as a smart card – and offer decent defenses against various attack techniques.ĪES was created for the U.S. The National Institute of Standards and Technology ( NIST) started development of AES in 1997 when it announced the need for an alternative to the Data Encryption Standard ( DES), which was starting to become vulnerable to brute-force attacks. It is essential for government computer security, cybersecurity and electronic data protection. AES is implemented in software and hardware throughout the world to encrypt sensitive data.
government to protect classified information. The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is a symmetric block cipher chosen by the U.S.
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